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Alcohol and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging (2013-08-27)
L Feller, R Chandran, R A G Khammissa, R Meyerov, J Lemmer
PMID23971298
ABSTRACT

Alcohol is a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma. It enhances the permeability of the oral epithelium, acts as a solvent for tobacco carcinogens, induces basal-cell proliferation, and generates free radicals and acetaldehyde, which have the capacity to cause DNA damage. Alcohol-associated malnutrition and immune suppression may further promote carcinogenesis. However, acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, is the critical agent by which prolonged and excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages increases the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Alcohol also acts synergistically with the products of tobacco combustion in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description
277649
Sigma-Aldrich
Reagent Alcohol, anhydrous, ≤0.003% water
W200387
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetaldehyde solution, 40 wt. % in isopropanol
48075
Supelco
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Sigma-Aldrich
Acetaldehyde solution, 40 wt. % in H2O
719099
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetaldehyde solution, 5 M in THF
676829
Sigma-Aldrich
Reagent Alcohol, anhydrous, ≤0.005% water
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Supelco
Ethanol-500, 500 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-056
Supelco
Ethanol-20 (10 ampules/kit), 20 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-035
Supelco
Ethanol-25, 25 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-036
Supelco
Ethanol-400 (10 ampules/kit), 400 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-034
Supelco
Ethanol Calibration Kit, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
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506788
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40347
Sigma-Aldrich
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402788
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetaldehyde, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
00071
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetaldehyde, ReagentPlus®, ≥99.0% (GC)
00070
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetaldehyde, puriss. p.a., anhydrous, ≥99.5% (GC)
E-040
Supelco
Ethanol-10, 10 mg/dL in H2O, pack of 10 × 1.2 mL ampules, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-041
Supelco
Ethanol-150, 150 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-045
Supelco
Ethanol-40, 40 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-033
Supelco
Ethanol-300, 300 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-029
Supelco
Ethanol-50, 50 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-031
Supelco
Ethanol-100 (10 ampules/kit), 100 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-030
Supelco
Ethanol-80, 80 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®
E-032
Supelco
Ethanol-200 (10 ampules/kit), 200 mg/dL in H2O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant®