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G2044

Glucagon

synthetic, powder, suitable for cell culture

Synonym(s):

GlucaGen, Glucagon peptide

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Size/SKUAvailabilityPrice
1 mg
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$144.00
5 mg
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$391.00
25 mg
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$1,470.00

About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C153H225N43O49S
CAS Number:
16941-32-5
Molecular Weight:
3482.75
MDL number:
MFCD00167532
UNSPSC Code:
12352209
PubChem Substance ID:
24895084
NACRES:
NA.77
Biological source:
synthetic
Form:
powder
Assay:
≥95% (HPLC)

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biological source

synthetic

Quality Segment

200

assay

≥95% (HPLC)

form

powder

potency

0.3-10 μg/mL

technique(s)

cell culture | mammalian: suitable

solubility

0.05 M acetic acid: 1 mg/mL, clear, colorless

shipped in

wet ice

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

Cl[H].[H]N[C@@H](Cc1cnc[nH]1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc3ccc(O)cc3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc4ccc(O)cc4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc5ccccc5)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc6c[nH]c7ccccc67)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(O)=O

InChI

1S/C153H225N43O49S.ClH/c1-72(2)52-97(133(226)176-96(47-51-246-11)132(225)184-104(60-115(159)209)143(236)196-123(78(10)203)151(244)245)179-137(230)103(58-83-64-167-89-29-19-18-28-87(83)89)183-131(224)95(43-46-114(158)208)177-148(241)120(74(5)6)194-141(234)101(54-79-24-14-12-15-25-79)182-138(231)105(61-117(211)212)185-130(223)94(42-45-113(157)207)171-124(217)75(7)170-127(220)91(31-22-49-165-152(160)161)172-128(221)92(32-23-50-166-153(162)163)174-146(239)110(69-199)191-140(233)107(63-119(215)216)186-134(227)98(53-73(3)4)178-135(228)99(56-81-33-37-85(204)38-34-81)180-129(222)90(30-20-21-48-154)173-145(238)109(68-198)190-136(229)100(57-82-35-39-86(205)40-36-82)181-139(232)106(62-118(213)214)187-147(240)111(70-200)192-150(243)122(77(9)202)195-142(235)102(55-80-26-16-13-17-27-80)188-149(242)121(76(8)201)193-116(210)66-168-126(219)93(41-44-112(156)206)175-144(237)108(67-197)189-125(218)88(155)59-84-65-164-71-169-84;/h12-19,24-29,33-40,64-65,71-78,88,90-111,120-123,167,197-205H,20-23,30-32,41-63,66-70,154-155H2,1-11H3,(H2,156,206)(H2,157,207)(H2,158,208)(H2,159,209)(H,164,169)(H,168,219)(H,170,220)(H,171,217)(H,172,221)(H,173,238)(H,174,239)(H,175,237)(H,176,226)(H,177,241)(H,178,228)(H,179,230)(H,180,222)(H,181,232)(H,182,231)(H,183,224)(H,184,225)(H,185,223)(H,186,227)(H,187,240)(H,188,242)(H,189,218)(H,190,229)(H,191,233)(H,192,243)(H,193,210)(H,194,234)(H,195,235)(H,196,236)(H,211,212)(H,213,214)(H,215,216)(H,244,245)(H4,160,161,165)(H4,162,163,166);1H/t75-,76+,77+,78+,88-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,120-,121-,122-,123-;/m0./s1

InChI key

RKGLLHCSSVJTAN-YYICOITRSA-N

General description

Glucagon is a peptide hormone of 29 amino acids secreted by alpha cells in the pancreas. Its release is controlled by hypothalamus when glucose levels in the blood decreases. The C-terminal region of glucagon is crucial for receptor binding.

Application

Glucagon has been used:
  • in the stimulation of human primary hepatocytes for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production
  • for measuring glucagon response in mice
  • to induce gluconeogenic stimuli in primary hepatocytes

Biochem/physiol Actions

Glucagon functions to elevate glucose by activating GCGR in liver mediating the glucose circulation in blood. The hyperglucagonemia elevated levels of glucagon is observed in diabetes and in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, post gastric bypass surgery and glucagon based tumors.

Physical form

powder-0 °C; stock-frozen in working aliquots, avoid repeated freeze/thaw

Other Notes

H-His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr-OH.xHCl
This product is a chemically synthesized glucagon qualified for use in cell culture applications.

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Show Differences

1 of 1

This Item
1294036Y0000191346003
Glucagon synthetic, powder, suitable for cell culture

Sigma-Aldrich

G2044

Glucagon

rGlucagon, recombinant glucagon (human) United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

USP

1294036

rGlucagon, recombinant glucagon (human)

vibrant-m

Y0000191

Human glucagon

Glucagon Receptor Antagonist II The Glucagon Receptor Antagonist II, also referenced under CAS 191034-25-0, controls the biological activity of Glucagon Receptor.

Sigma-Aldrich

346003

Glucagon Receptor Antagonist II

description

synthetic, powder, suitable for cell culture

description

United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

description

European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard

description

The Glucagon Receptor Antagonist II, also referenced under CAS 191034-25-0, controls the biological activity of Glucagon Receptor.

biological source

synthetic

biological source

-

biological source

-

biological source

-

assay

≥95% (HPLC)

assay

-

assay

-

assay

≥98% (HPLC)

Quality Level

200

Quality Level

-

Quality Level

-

Quality Level

100

technique(s)

cell culture | mammalian: suitable

technique(s)

-

technique(s)

-

technique(s)

-

form

powder

form

crystalline

form

-

form

solid

storage temp.

2-8°C

storage temp.

−20°C

storage temp.

−20°C

storage temp.

2-8°C

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Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)

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Questions

  1. Which of the products, G2044 or G1774, is more suitable for in-vivo application?

    1 answer

    1. G2044 and G1774 have not been validated for in vivo application. However, there is a citation suggesting that G2044 is effective for in vivo application, which may serve as a valuable reference for protocols.

      Reference: Cell Rep. 2017 Mar 28;18(13):3192-3203. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.005. Title: Pancreatic α Cell-Derived Glucagon-Related Peptides Are Required for β Cell Adaptation and Glucose Homeostasis PMID: 28355570

      The citation involves the use of synthetic glucagon dissolved in PBS (20mg/kg body weight; G2044; Sigma) being i.p. injected 1 minute prior to glucose administration.

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