Stability and storage data for the reconstituted material is unavailable. Generally, a solution of DTT in Hepes buffer, pH 7.75 is stable for one week at 2 to 8 °C if the container is tightly sealed and the solution is protected from atmospheric oxygen by argon or nitrogen. It is recommended to store the solution for one week at 2 to 8 °C as above or to prepare the solution fresh.
D0632
DL-Dithiothreitol
≥98% (HPLC), ≥99.0% (titration)
Synonym(s):
(±)-Dithiothreitol, rac-Dithiothreitol, Dithiothreitol, threo-1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol, Cleland’s reagent, DTT
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
HSCH2CH(OH)CH(OH)CH2SH
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
154.25
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.21
PubChem Substance ID:
EC Number:
222-468-7
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1719757
MDL number:
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Product Name
DL-Dithiothreitol, ≥98% (HPLC), ≥99.0% (titration)
InChI key
VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N
InChI
1S/C4H10O2S2/c5-3(1-7)4(6)2-8/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4-/m1/s1
SMILES string
O[C@H](CS)[C@H](O)CS
assay
≥98% (HPLC)
≥99.0% (titration)
form
powder
reaction suitability
reagent type: reductant
color
white
mp
41-44 °C (lit.)
solubility
H2O: soluble 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless to very faintly yellow
application(s)
general analytical
storage temp.
2-8°C
Quality Level
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1 of 4
This Item | D9779 | 43815 | 43819 |
|---|---|---|---|
| assay ≥98% (HPLC), ≥99.0% (titration) | assay ≥98% (HPLC), ≥99% (titration) | assay ≥99.5% (RT) | assay ≥99.0% (RT) |
| Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 200 |
| application(s) general analytical | application(s) - | application(s) - | application(s) - |
| mp 41-44 °C (lit.) | mp 41-44 °C (lit.) | mp 41-44 °C (lit.) | mp 40-43 °C, 41-44 °C (lit.) |
| solubility H2O: soluble 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless to very faintly yellow | solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL | solubility H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless | solubility H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless, H2O: freely soluble, acetone: freely soluble, chloroform: freely soluble, diethyl ether: freely soluble, ethanol: freely soluble, ethyl acetate: freely soluble |
| form powder | form powder | form powder | form powder |
Application
An excellent reagent for maintaining SH groups in reduced state; quantitatively reduces disulfides. DTT is effective in sample buffers for reducing protein disulfide bonds prior to SDS-PAGE. DTT can also be used for reducing the disulfide bridge of the cross-linker N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine to break apart the matrix of a polyacrylamide gel. DTT is less pungent and is less toxic than 2-mercaptoethanol. Typically, a seven fold lower concentration of DTT (100 mM) is needed than is used for 2-mercaptoethanol (5% v/v, 700 mM).
DTT has been used:
- as one of the reactants in the reduction and alkylation of αs1-Casein, the major allergen of cow′s milk.[1]
- as a component of medium for the demembranation and reactivation of spermatozoa.[2]
- to maintain stability of the enzyme as thiol effectively protects the active sites of the biocatalyst.[3]
- as a reducing agent to test the specificity of the reaction of N-Ethylmaleimide with sulfhydryl groups.[4]
- in proteomics analysis as in-solution protein digestion for mass spectrometry[5]
- as a buffer component for protein quantification, to prepare wash buffer, lysis buffer, sample buffer, and protein elution buffer[6][4]
Biochem/physiol Actions
Dithiothreitol (DTT) is extensively applied in chemical peptide synthesis and biochemical preparations of thiol proteins. It is also used in protein chemistry studies, such as protein folding and enzyme activity. It also acts as an enzyme stabilizer to stop DNA modification. DTT specifically mediates the thiol-disulfide interchange reaction to entirely reduce the intra- or inter-molecular disulfide bonds in biomolecules. This reaction results in the formation of thiols and the cyclic disulfide of DTT.[7]
Features and Benefits
- High-quality DTT (HPLC≥98%), (titration≥99.0%)
- Suitable for electrophoresis, proteomics analysis
General description
Dithiothreitol (DTT) is a disulfide (SH) reducing agent found in proteins and in the amino acid cysteine. It reduces a disulfide bond by forming a six-membrane ring and initiating a thiol-disulfide interchange. It is almost 7-fold stronger reducing agent than βME, hence efficient in lower concentrations.
Other Notes
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Hazard Classifications
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Storage Class
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves
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Florian Füssl et al.
mAbs, 11(1), 116-128 (2018-10-09)
Charge variant analysis is a widely used tool to monitor changes in product quality during the manufacturing process of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Although it is a powerful technique for revealing mAb heterogeneity, an unexpected outcome, for example the appearance of
O Linhart et al.
Reproduction (Cambridge, England), 124(5), 713-719 (2002-11-06)
This study investigated the effects of different environmental conditions on the motility parameters of paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) spermatozoa. Paddlefish spermatozoa demonstrated the following characteristics: (i) all spermatozoa were motile 10 s after activation with a velocity of 130-160 microm s(-1);
R Quiles et al.
Clinical chemistry, 39(3), 500-503 (1993-03-01)
An automated method based on the principles of flow-injection analysis is proposed for the enzymatic determination of sodium ion in serum. The method relies on the activation of beta-galactosidase by the analyte. The features of the proposed method include linear
Daniel C Marcus et al.
Auditory neuroscience, 1, 101-109 (1994-01-01)
Vestibular dark cell epithelium was isolated from the semicircular canal of gerbils to test the proposal that the sulfhydryl alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) inhibits K(+) secretion by this tissue and does so by reacting with a site in or near
Niamh McNamee et al.
BMC cancer, 22(1), 1023-1023 (2022-09-29)
Cancer patients have an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism, with up to 30% dying within a month of their development. Some cancer cells are known to induce platelet aggregation, and this interaction is understood to contribute to thrombosis and
Articles
Compare columns in resolving medium-sized antibody fragments after digestion with DTT or IdeS using Reversed-Phase Chromatography for analysis.
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Ist eine 1000 mM DTT Lösung in Wasser stabil, wenn man sie einfriert (-20°C)? Ist DTT (5mM D-0632) in einem Pipes-Puffer pH. 7,1 bei 15°C stabil, wenn man die Lösung bei -20°C einfriert?
1 answer-
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How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?
1 answer-
If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/418/501/product-dating-information-06-25-mk.pdfHelpful?
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How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?
1 answer-
Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf
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How long can the powder be left out a room temperature?
1 answer-
The long term storage recommendation for this product is refrigerated at 2-8°C, but is shipped at ambient temperature. Refrigerated products that ship at ambient temperature are stable for up to 2 weeks to allow for transit time. Items left at room temperature for short periods will not be adversely effected.
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What is the shelf life of this product once the stock solution is made up please?
1 answer-
A solution of DTT in Hepes buffer, pH 7.75 is stable for one week at 2 to 8 °C if the container is tightly sealed and the solution is protected from atmospheric oxygen by argon or nitrogen.
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